I'm afraid it's more a matter of what I don't know.
Had similar problems with several SP4 machines. 619 errors as well as 1717 errors at times. Googled myself nearly to death, including newsgroup searches. Even had someone translate a thread from French for me. Found several people with the same error, although none were in enough detail to determine if the actual cause was the same. Didn't find any solutions. Microsoft has nothing in KB, MSDN, Technet or otherwise.
The problems that I have seen are caused by RASPPP being fired with an invalid parameter (I think). Still not entirely shure why, I'm guessing that somewhere in the SP4 upgrade the miniports are enumerated improperly. (If that doesn't make any sense, don't worry. Doesn't really get you any closer to a fix, anyway.)
I have found that removing SP4 and regressing to SP3 eliminates the problem. SP4 was a must for me, other needed software wouldn't run on SP3, so I dug for a fix. Long and short, the only real solution I found was to install W2K fresh (generally from W2K SP2 CD), apply SP4, then apply patches one at a time. Always works fine after the initial SP4, also worked after applying all patches one at a time, but applying several patches at once broke it again. I had to do a full re-install, repair install did not help.
The proper thing to do would have been to open an issue with MS tech support, but I haven't found myself in a position to work through the process yet, due to timing issues. I hope to get a test machine up to specifically recreate the issue, but I'm sure you know how time is.
If you wish to verify that you are having the same problem and not some other configuration issue, you would need to enable logging on the client side. First, open your WINNT folder, then look for a folder named 'tracing'. Open it (if it's there) and delete anything that is already there. Next, open a command prompt and type 'netsh' and press enter. At the 'netsh>' prompt, type 'RAS' and press enter. At the 'ras>' prompt, type 'set tracing * enabled' and press enter. You can close the command window at this point.
Try the connection again. Don't worry that it doesn't connect, just let it go until it errors out the first time then click cancel. Wait a minute or two then restart the computer. When everything is back up, open a command window again and do 'netsh' and 'ras' again. At the 'ras>' prompt, type 'set tracing * disabled' and press enter. Just for good measure, type 'show tracing' and press enter. Should report a list of items, all saying disabled. If you should leave tracing on, you will eat disk space very quickly if you do get the connection running. You can close the command window at this point.
Now, go to the tracing folder mentioned earlier. You should have several log files there. Open PPP.LOG with notepad or another text editor. Look for lines that say 'PCB not found for port xx' several times. Open RASMAN.LOG and look for multiple lines that say 'Queing packet on PCB'. If you have those, you are seeing the same problem. Otherwise, it could be related, but I'm not sure. You may want to enable tracing on a working machine and look at the logs there to get a feel for what you should see. No real good documentation about what should be there or what the errors mean, I'm just making a somewhat educated guess.
If you do have the same problem, my solution, as I said was to do a fresh install, SP4, then patches one at a time. I wasn't real happy with that, due to the work involved, but it seemed to be my only option given the requirements of the project. I feel like there should be another solution, but again everything else that I tried didn't help, and I think I did as well as anyone could without getting MS involved. If you have a bit more time, you may want to try opening an issue with MS, be prepared to submit all of the logs you generated in the tracing folder earlier, not just the two that you looked at -- don't delete them.
Sorry for the lengthy post, but I hate to see you chasing this if it is the same thing.
Good luck!