One alternative that exists is
NSBasic.
It relies on the same script engine that VBCE and Embedded VB used (really VBScript for CE) but provides its own "host" wrapper that still works on current versions of CE (now called Windows Mobile or whatever the flavor of the day is).
Because of this it is very close in language syntax to VB6. However it provides its own framework and controls library, so just as with VBCE & EVB you have changes to make in order to port a VB6 program to NSBasic/CE. You'll probably find it radically less effort than a port to VB.Net though.
They also offer Symbian and Palm editions, and I think an iPhone edition is close to release as well. While the result is not at all "write once, run on all phones" NSBasic editions might get you a lot closer to supporting multiple platforms than .Net is ever going to be able to boast.
Personally I've only looked at the Desktop (Windows) product, which isn't bad but hardly a full VB6 replacement. The IDE is pretty easy for a VB6 programmer to adapt to though, and the controls provided are quite similar. In many ways it might be the best of the attempts out there to create some sort of VB6 clone.
You might take a look at NSBasic/CE for WinMobile development. I can't endorse it having no personal experience with the product, but it ought to be considered as an alternative.