Hmm, me get mixed up... should've spent more time studying that commonly misused words web site...
I was thinking Capital as in political capital, not Capital Letters. Oops.
So, yes, I'll say no question, use capital letters if referring to a specific political entity.
So for instance..
The Roman Empire was big.
The Empire was huge.
I believe the second would still be okay, as it is speaking specifically of The Roman Empire, if used within that context.
Similarly, we capitalize The President in the U.S., when speaking specifically of the American President, but not when speaking of a business president.
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"If to err is human, then I must be some kind of human!" -Me