akwong is correct. If you set up a queue for the printer on a print server then you can can use normal Windows security to set permissions on the queue. If you're printing directly to the printer from the workstation without a print server queue, you won't have a way to restrict access. Even with the server queue, you could still manually install a port on a client PC that points to that network printer and then people can use it to circumvent the security on the queue. Your best bet is to go with a print server and hope that your users aren't technically savvy enough to go the other route.
Alternatively, there may be a setting in the printer's network interface that you can use to restrict hosts that print to the printer. You could conceivably restrict printing by password or IP, but if something like that exists it would be largely dependent on the vendor of the hardware. I just checked my LaserJet 2300 and my Lexmark T420 and neither appears to have such an option.