Microsoft Visual Studio can have both Visual Basic and C/C++, but the compilers are separate. You can't compile C/C++ if you only have Visual Basic. You need to own both packages, Visual Basic and Visual C++.
You can write DLLs in Visual Basic that Visual C++ can use, but the problem is Visual Basic DLLs are sometimes slower than Visual C++ DLLs.
If you are interested in C/C++, get the standard edition of Visual C++, it is cheap. If you get serious about C++, get the professional or enterprise edition.