I am unfarmiliar with MFC. However, I DO know how to use the MS WinAPI, which is what the MFC are based on, to do exactly what you want. If it's a stand-alone application, you might think about trying WinAPI code. I show how to do this below...
You'd want to start by creating a new bitmap of the size you want. I don't know how to change the original bitmap's size directly, but the other method will yield equivilant and satisfying results. After you create a new bitmap, you can use BitBlt to copy the original image into the new one, and the rest should automatically be filled with the default white. If not, you'll have to fill it in yourself. Here is some code that will help get you started.
LPTSTR filename = "C:/..."; //whatever the path is
HBITMAP hBitmap = LoadImage(0, filename, 0, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);
BITMAP bmp;
GetObject(hBitmap, sizeof(bmp), &bmp);
HDC hdcBitmap = CreateCompatibleDC(0);
SelectObject(hdcBitmap, hBitmap);
//that much will load the bitmap so you can copy it
HDC hdcNewBitmap = CreateCompatibleDC(hdcBitmap);
//this is where you expand it by 30 pixels
HBITMAP hNewBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcBitmap, bmp.bmWidth, bmp.bmHeight + 30);
SelectObject(hdcNewBitmap, hNewBitmap);
//this is where you copy the original image into the new one
BitBlt(hdcNewBitmap, 0, 0, bmp.bmWidth, bmp.bmHeight, hdcBitmap, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
That much will get you a handel to the bitmap you're looking for. If you're looking to save it to a disc, you'll have to do some research because that's beyond my scope of knowledge, but all that code should work. You can check it my blitting it to a window.
hWnd = CreateWindow(szProgName, "Bitmap Test", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 0, 0, bmp.bmWidth, bmp.bmHeight, (HWND)NULL, (HMENU)NULL, hInst, (LPSTR)NULL);
HDC hdcScreen = getWindowDC(hWnd);
BitBlt(hdcScreen, 0, 0, bmp.bmWidth, bmp.bmHeight, hdcNewBitmap, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
Once this works, you can use paint functions to write the text to the bitmap handel, such as BeginPaint, TextOut, EndPaint, and so on.
Let me know if you have any problems. Hopefully someone else can give a straighter answer for MFC.