...the files you place appear in the links window (window > links or apple/command, shift + D)...
...in the links window you can also embed images into the indesign doc via the flyout menu (arrow top right of the window), however you are better off just having them linked wherever possible. In this menu you can also edit linked images via 'Edit Original' this will then launch the the image in the app it was created in allowing you to edit and svae back into indesign on the fly...
...if you hold down the shift key when selecting the image to be placed, you are able to choose the extra import options without have to check the 'show import options' box...
...if you have the import options checked with your first image then subsequent images placed will have the option checked by default thereafter in that session, when you quit indesign and relaunch it defaults back to being unchecked...
Andrew