They should. In any case, when the user connects back to the domain, they will synch. If the user never connects to the domain, then they shouldn't be in it anyhow.
The drawbacks I could see is someone changing their password in OWA (network account) in the local administrator mode (for example) of the machine. Then the machine would have the old password still until they connect to the domain once more. (like with a VPN for example, which is another way the users can change their passwords).
With a VPN, you can have them log into a server and they can change their password directly on their system and it will synch with the servers.. these are all ideas that will work, but work and planning are involved.
"In space, nobody can hear you click..."