Mike, you have a very good point there. We have several techs who have there CCNA's and they are clueless in the real world enviroment. Hands on , on the job training, and knowledge of telco operations such as frame relay, isdn ect I beleive will make you a true Cisco CCNA. The post I made earlier this week ( ccna study material )is a good reference however we all should know this like the back of our hands. these are only my thought and I hope I do not offend anyone !!!! Jeter@LasVegas.com The best answer I could ever give is the one to maintain my Sanity