At least one school of thought says that EDI was the original e-commerce, and internet based activity is just an extension (Kalakota and Whinston, Frontiers of Electronic Commerce, 1995). On the business-to-business (B2B) side, this is probably true. EDI implementations on the business-to-customer (B2C) side are uncommon--customers don't want to/cannot implement the necessary system support.<br>
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Principal difference between EDI and most common e-commerce is that EDI is highly structured by an internationally accepted and regulated format, and usually (at present) takes place on closed networks (ie, not the Internet). (Common e-Commerce in this case is taken to be forms-based ordering with credit card payments--principally B2C.)<br>
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EDI on the Internet would certainly qualify as e-commerce, but is not all that e-commerce is.