Well, if I am understanding you correctly, the answer is that yes, you can. However, it is not at all easy or straightforward. VB programs are GUI applications, and during launch disassociate themselves completely from any command line.
Now, it is pretty simple to attach a new console (or command line) to a VB program once it is running, but not to associate with the command line that launched it. To achieve the latter involves a nasty hack (that rewrites the VB executable's header so that it can be launched as a console application). Are you really sure you need to go down this route? You may be better off using VBScript, which can be used as a batch language.