I used to work on the Toshiba systems. From what I remember, the volume on the handset is usually set for a system default. When the user is using the handset and changes the volume, that volume setting is lost the moment the handset is hung up and the next call will begin at the system level once again. I do believe that there is a way to change what the system level is for handsets. It has been a 2 years so I can't say which program number, but I have done it before. This will affect how the user hears calls, but not the volume at which callers hear the Toshiba user. For that problem, I would look at your trunk card. There is a slide switch for Db for each Trunk circuit. One of the 4 circuits could be switched incorrectly and may be where the problem is. The switches help you control the trunks depending on how close you are to the CO producing the signal. Basically, you do want to "tone down" the signal if you are close. If the circuit is toned down and you are not close, you will have poor volume. At least this has been my experience with the product.
You may also want to change out the handset, as the microphone is a loose particle carbon based unit. If the particles have become compacted, it will affect the transmit of the user's voice.
Also, no one has asked you if the user is using a headset, a typical source for problems of poor transmit of voice. If so, you may be able to change the mouth tube if it is a Plantonics. If not, you could try changing out the entire unit and see if the transmit volume improves. If you are unable to change out the headset, remove it and have the user make calls. If the volume is okay with the handset, then the problem will have been with the headset.
Good Luck!