Yes, back in the day of 8X24, you could only get caller id by looping your lines through a caller id unit. The unit connects to a digital port thru screw terminals, then you have a 25pr amp cable that comes off the unit to a punch block. You just loop your Co lines thru this unit.
There is a company called Atlantel in Atlanta that usually stocks the older stuff.
I really don't think that the 8X24 will recognize a CID card in a trunk module.
I see these on e-bay from time to time. Best I remember it was called a CID-8 unit.