You will need to use SharePoint Designer and
conditional formatting.
This was written for SP 2007, but the same idea applies to SP 2010.
High level overview of what you need to.
In your list, create a new View called something like Testing.
Open the list in SharePoint Designer.
From the list "dashboard" look in the Views window, right click on your Testing view and select Edit File in Advanced Mode.
In the design window, right click on a column header, then select Insert -> Column to the ___.
In the column you just created, click in row cell just below the column header, then select the
td tag.
The td tag is what will be used to leverage the conditional formatting.
With the td tag selected, look in the options tab in the ribbon, select Conditional Formatting, then Format Selection.
Condition Criteria
Field Name: this needs to be set to your check box field.
Comparison: select equals
Value: Yes
Click the Set Style button.
From Modify Style, look in the Category window and select Background.
Set background-color to the desired color.
Click OK.
You will need create another conditional format for your other color.
