sh mac-address-table" is a valid command to use. If you are seeing multiple MAC addresses per port, then that port must either be a trunk port or an uplink port (i.e. it connects to another switch).
If you want to see what the correspoding IP addresses for the MAC's, you can issue the "show ip arp" command. Note however that unless this switch is the IP default gateway for all your IP subnets, it may not reveal many IP addresses as it doesn't need to resolve them to pass traffic - this is what your default gateway does.
You may have to jump onto the device that is the default gateway and repeat the "show ip arp" command there to get a full list of IP addresses to MAC addresses.