Windows 8.1 lets you start straight at the Desktop Screen, so that is coming, you just have to be patient.
This is my standard guide to those new to Windows 8. Do with it whatever you wish.
Try using Windows 8 as near as possible to Windows 7 by using the Desktop App and running it like Windows 7 Desktop minus the Start Menu and Button. You can even get third party programs that will make it look and feel like Windows 7 but I don't bother with, or recommend, such programs.
The easiest thing to do is to place commonly used programs shortcuts on the Desktop via creating Shortcuts to those programs.
You can practice with the Apps later as you gain confidence. Right-click on the App's Tile to see various options available beside running the App.
I use my Windows 8 the same way I used Windows 7 and other earlier operating systems, the Apps are something I play with when I'm bored. I install all my own programs that I want to run in Windows 8, things like Office, Win Zip, Games, and other common programs etc. and launch from shortcuts on the Desktop.
It will help you to see this .pdf document too.
Virtually Every Windows 8 Shortcut Available (well so far...).pdf
When in any App, the Windows Key + i will give you all the options available to the opened App. Close any App by dragging (the top of it) down to the bottom of the screen, or try Alt + F4.
Microsoft to reboot Windows 8 to address gripes