Ha! Yes, that "DEE-DOO" tone is the wave-off, indicating that something has gone wrong. I've heard it called the "turkey tone" too.
That is CM giving you and audible notice that the call could not be processed. That can happen if a phone does not have permission to dial (FRL too low for International numbers, for example), if there's no ARS Analysis entry (or AAR), all trunks busy, or something else that's failing.
Again, try to capture SIP traces and traces in CM for both the SIP phone and 1xC. A Stare-and-Compare between the two will probably show the difference.
Also, would you please confirm if you are using the same extension in both, or are you logging in Station X on the SIP phone and Station Y on 1xC?