Who said it was an HTTP or HTTPS resource. the OP just sated he wanted to check if a particular image file existed. They never stated it was located on another server or that is was accessed form somwhere else.
I assumed the file was supposed to be located in the same file system , hence file_exists should work.
----------------------------------
Ignorance is not necessarily Bliss, case in point:
Unknown has caused an Unknown Error on Unknown and must be shutdown to prevent damage to Unknown.