Two options:
1. use a regular expression validator
2. alter the user interface
Regular expressions can get messy, and you won't get the exact functionality as you would from Access (with the nice slanted lines and such)
However, another option would be to alter the UI to better suit a date entry: instead of one textbox for a whole date, have three drop down lists for day/month/year.
Or, you could also use the calandar control to force your users to select a date using that, and you can keep the textbox as read only (only gets assigned the value through code).
These are alternatives. to answer your question though, no, there's no way to get the textbox to act the way they do in Access.
D'Arcy