A WQL query such as this for admin console should get you started. Replace iexplore.exe with whatever file name you are seeking, keeping in mind whether SMS is actually inventorying it or not.
select distinct SMS_R_System.Name, SMS_G_System_SoftwareFile.FileVersion from SMS_R_System left join SMS_G_System_SoftwareFile on SMS_G_System_SoftwareFile.ResourceID = SMS_R_System.ResourceId where SMS_G_System_SoftwareFile.FileName = "iexplore.exe"
This will give you a list of computer names where the given file is installed. This does not indicate whether the software is being used, installed correctly or properly licensed.