Ring voltage specification on the VG224 is 50Vrms with a 5 REN load at zero loop length. While the REN of the 8004 is likely less than 5, your loop length certainly isn't zero, and it's seeming more likely that the issue is inadequate ring voltage.
Stutter dial tone is the default message waiting indication on the VG224, but the VG224 supports other forms as well via programming options, such as voltage. However, if the ring voltage is inadequate to light the lamp, then visual MWI won't likely work either.
At the moment all of this is informed speculation. Do you have a datasheet on the 8004 that gives the characteristics of the lamp?