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Microsoft SQL Server: Programming FAQ
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Random Numbers
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How Can I Select Random Records From a Table with T-SQL?
Posted: 3 Oct 01 (Edited 6 Jun 03)
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/*
This T-SQL script demonstrates one method for selecting random records from a table. The example uses an employees table. However, It could be used to select from any table with a unique identifier or primary key column.
Created by Terry L. Broadbent, Oct 3 2001
Please inform me of any bugs encountered. Comments and suggestions for improvement are encouraged.
*/
--Stop display of "row(s) affected messages
Set nocount on
--Create temporary table with identity column
Create table #t (EmpID char(6), RecID int identity(1,1))
--Create temporary table to hold randomly selected identifiers
Create table #r (EmpID char(6) constraint lnu unique)
--Select records from table into 1st temp table
Insert #t (EmpID)
Select EmpID From Employees
Where Status=1
Order By EmpID
--Declare variables needed for looping and counting
DECLARE @count int, @recno int, @rndno int
SELECT @count=COUNT(*) FROM #t
--Determine number of records to select
SET @recno=50
--Loop and slect records
While @recno>0
Begin
--Generate a random number
SET @rndno=@count * RAND() + 1
--Insert record if not already on table
Insert #r (EmpID)
Select EmpID From #t
Where RecID=@rndno
And Not Exists (Select * From #r Where EmpID=#t.EmpID)
--Decrement counter if record was inserted
If @@rowcount>0 SET @recno=@recno-1
End
--Return result set containing the selected records
SELECT e.*
FROM Employees e Inner Join #r
ON e.EmpID = #r.EmpID
--Cleanup
Drop table #r
Drop table #t
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